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Rosh Hashanah ((ヘブライ語:רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה), literally "head of the year") is the Jewish New Year. The biblical name for this holiday is Yom Teruah ((ヘブライ語:יוֹם תְּרוּעָה)), literally "day () shouting/blasting", sometimes translated as the Feast of Trumpets. It is the first of the High Holy Days ((ヘブライ語:יָמִים נוֹרָאִים) ''Yamim Nora'im'', lit. "Days of Awe") specified by , which usually occur in the early autumn of the Northern Hemisphere. Rosh Hashanah is a two-day celebration, which begins on the first day of Tishrei. Tishrei is the first month of the Jewish civil year, but the seventh month of the ecclesiastical year. Rosh Hashanah has its origin in the beginning of the economic year in the ancient Near East, marking the start of the agricultural cycle.〔 In its theological interpretation, the day is said to be the anniversary of the creation of Adam and Eve, the first man and woman, and their first actions toward the believed realization of humanity's role in God's world. Rosh Hashanah customs include sounding the shofar (a hollowed-out ram's horn), following the prescription of the Hebrew Bible to "raise a noise" on ''Yom Teruah''; and eating symbolic foods such as apples dipped in honey to evoke a "sweet new year". ==Etymology== "Rosh" is the Hebrew word for head, "ha" is the definite article, and "shanah" means year. Thus "Rosh HaShanah" means 'head () the year', referring to the Jewish day of new year. The term "Rosh Hashanah" in its current meaning does not appear in the Torah. refers to the festival of the first day of the seventh month as "''Zikhron Teru'ah''" ("() memorial (the ) blowing (horns )"); it is also referred to in the same part of Leviticus as 'שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן' (''shabbat shabbaton'') or penultimate Sabbath or meditative rest day, and a "holy day to God". These same words are commonly used in the Psalms to refer to the anointed days. calls the festival ''Yom Teru'ah'', ("Day () blowing (horn )"), and symbolizes a number of subjects, such as the Binding of Isaac and the animal sacrifices that were to be performed.〔〔See (Numbers 29:1 )〕 (The term Rosh Hashanah appears once in the Bible in where it means generally the time of the "beginning of the year" or is possibly a reference to Yom Kippur,〔Jacobs, Louis. "Rosh Ha-Shanah." Encyclopaedia Judaica. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. Vol. 17. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 463-466.〕 but the phrase may also refer to the Hebrew month of Nisan in the spring, especially in light of , where the spring month of Aviv, later renamed Nisan, is stated as being "the first month of the year" and where "the first month" unambiguously refers to Nisan,〔http://biblehub.com/exodus/34-18.htm〕〔https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+34%3A18&version=ISV〕 the month of Passover, as made plain by .) In the Siddur and Machzor Jewish prayerbooks Rosh Hashanah is also called "Yom Hazikaron" (() day () the remembrance), not to be confused with the modern Israeli holiday of the same name which falls in spring. The Hebrew Rosh HaShanah is etymologically related to the Arabic Ras as-Sanah, the name chosen by Muslim lawmakers for the Islamic New Year. Rosh Hashanah marks the start of a new year in the Hebrew calendar (one of four "new year" observances that define various legal "years" for different purposes as explained in the Mishnah and Talmud). It is the new year for people, animals, and legal contracts. The Mishnah also sets this day aside as the new year for calculating calendar years, shmita and yovel years. Jews are confident that Rosh Hashanah represents either figuratively or literally God's creation ex nihilo. However, according to Rabbi Eleazar ben Shammua, Rosh Hashanah commemorates the creation of man. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rosh Hashanah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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